Epidermoid cyst | A common skin swelling

ClicA cyst refers to a bag like swelling. Epidermoid cysts are among the most common skin swellings found in the human body. They are not life-threatening nor do they spread to another part of the body. These cysts are formed when the cells of the outer layers of the skin get trapped deep within. When this happens, the cells instead of getting shed outside the body organize themselves into a bag like swelling. Even though benign, an epidermoid cyst can be troublesome.

How does an epidermoid cyst look? 
An epidermoid cyst usually presents as a skin lump. The overlying skin is usually unremarkable except for a small area of discoloration due to a punctum. Usually, a sebaceous cyst is not painful. However, once in a while they can get inflamed. And during inflammation, the cyst becomes painful to touch. 
The size of a sebaceous cyst can vary. 

Why do we remove an epidermoid cyst? 
It is usually removed for the following reasons: 

1. Deformity. An individual may get it removed due to the appearance. This is especially true for cysts found in the face. 
   
2. Inflammation. Some of the swellings can get inflamed and painful. 
   
3. Rupture of the cyst. It may rupture to discharge cheesy white material. 
   
4. Rapid growth. Some of the swellings may grow rapidly in size. A biopsy of the swelling helps us to confirm the diagnosis
   
5. Infection. They can get infected and are then managed with antibiotics and drainage of the pus.
   

How are epidermoid cysts removed? 
An epidermoid cyst is usually removed under local anesthesia as an outpatient procedure. It does not require an inpatient stay. 
The swelling is removed with a small ellipse of the skin that contains the punctum. The wound is closed with the help of a few sutures. A modified approach involves the avulsion of the cyst wall through a small incision. This may be suitable for some individuals. In most cases, individuals have an uneventful recovery. 

An epidermoid cyst in front of the hairline